The Department of Economic Management is responsible for formulating and monitoring the Country's economic policies and programs. It is the principal adviser to Government of Liberia on economic policy, and drives the country’s flagship development agenda the Agenda for Transformation (AFT). The department also deals with all matters relating to debt management and external resource mobilization which include external debt and foreign aid, and relations with bilateral and multilateral financial institutions.

The Economic Management Department is the nodal department dealing with the Central Bank of Liberia on macroeconomic policies. The department also deals with matters concerning financial sector policies including banking, insurance and capital markets. The Department has two Divisions: Economic Policy Macroeconomic and Financial Sector Division, and External Resources and Debt Management.